Australia has made history as the first country to pass a social media ban for children under the age of 16. The law creates one of the toughest restrictions on digital companies to date.

A total of 34 senators voted yes to the ban, with just 14 opposed to the legislation. The world-first law passed in the Australian Parliament on Friday, Nov. 29, making platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok and X subject to fines if kids aren’t being properly protected.

The Australian Senate passed the bill on Thursday, Nov. 28, just one day after the House of Representatives sent their stamp of approval with a 102 to 13 vote.

Companies could face up to $50 million in fees if their systems don’t stop kids under 16 years or younger from having an account or being logged into one. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said the legislation makes the safety of kids a top priority.

In a press conference, he said it’s now the responsibility of these platforms to protect kids and ensure their safety.

“We’ve got your back is our message to Australian parents,” Albanese said.

The ban sparked opposition and heated debates, bringing the mental health of children into question. Both the prime minister and other senators cited global trends of excessive social media use and the harmful risks to kids, especially girls.

“We know there is widespread concern and evidence about the severe mental health impact of social media on children,” Australian Sen. Sarah Henderson said.

The owner of Facebook and Instagram, Meta, called the legislation “rushed.”

“We are concerned about the process which rushed the legislation through while failing to properly consider the evidence, what industry already does to ensure age-appropriate experiences, and the voices of young people,” Meta said.

TikTok also spoke in opposition of the ban and said young people could be pushed to “darker corners of the internet.”

In a statement, Snapchat said there are many unanswered questions.

“We will engage closely with the Government and the eSafety Commissioner during the 12-month implementation period to help develop an approach that balances privacy, safety and practicality.”

Statement by Snapchat

Amendments passed with the law include legislation to increase privacy among users. Platforms can no longer compel users to provide government issued ID’s like passports or driver’s licenses.

Australian Sen. Sarah Hanson-Young said it creates a false sense of security for parents.

“It’s also obvious that the people who have drafted and fought for the particular elements of this bill actually have no idea how young people engage with the internet,” Hanson-Young said.

Opponents also said children may become isolated due to the restrictions in place and reduce incentives for social media platforms to improve online safety.

Educational and health services are exempt from the ban. Apps like WhatsApp, Google Classroom, Messenger Kids and YouTube are exempt. Australia will conduct a trial on age enforcement methods in January ahead of the legislation taking effect in one year.